1. A biologist is studying the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis in a plant species. They set up four growth chambers, each with the same light intensity and nutrient conditions, but with different temperatures. After a fixed time, they measure the rate of oxygen production (a proxy for photosynthesis rate) in each chamber. Which of the following is the best way to analyze the data and determine the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis?

2. A researcher is investigating the effect of pH on the activity of an enzyme. They set up five experiments, each with the same concentration of enzyme and substrate, but at different pH levels: 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, and 8.0. They measure the rate of product formation in each experiment. Which of the following graphs would best represent the relationship between pH and enzyme activity?

3. A researcher is investigating the effect of a new fertilizer on the growth of tomato plants. They set up an experiment with two groups: one group receives the new fertilizer, and the other group (the control) receives no fertilizer. After 4 weeks, they measure the height of each plant. Which statistical test should the researcher use to analyze the data and determine if there is a significant difference in plant growth between the two groups?

4. A biologist is studying the relationship between the size of a bird's beak and the type of food it eats. They measure the beak length and width of 50 birds of the same species and record the primary food source for each bird. Which statistical analysis would be the most appropriate for the biologist to use to determine if there is a relationship between beak size and food type?

5. A researcher is studying the effects of a new drug on the growth of bacteria. They inoculate 4 petri dishes with the same strain of bacteria and expose them to different concentrations of the drug. After 24 hours, they measure the diameter of the bacterial colonies in each dish and obtain the following results: Dish 1 (control, no drug): Bacterial colony diameter (mm): 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 Dish 2 (low drug concentration): Bacterial colony diameter (mm): 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 Dish 3 (medium drug concentration): Bacterial colony diameter (mm): 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 Dish 4 (high drug concentration): Bacterial colony diameter (mm): 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 The researcher performs a statistical analysis on the data and finds that the p-value is less than 0.01. Based on this result, which of the following conclusions can the researcher draw about the effect of the drug on bacterial growth?

6. A researcher is investigating the effect of temperature on the rate of a chemical reaction. They set up four experiments, each with the same starting concentrations of reactants, but at different temperatures: 10°C, 20°C, 30°C, and 40°C. After a fixed time interval, they measure the concentration of the product formed in each experiment. The results show that as the temperature increases, the rate of the reaction increases exponentially. Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from these results?

7. A researcher is studying the effects of a new fertilizer on the growth of tomato plants. They plant 24 tomato seedlings and divide them into three groups of 8. One group receives the new fertilizer, one group receives a different fertilizer, and the control group receives no fertilizer. After 4 weeks, the researcher measures the height of each plant. The researcher wants to determine if there is a statistically significant difference in the height of the plants between the three groups. Which statistical test would be most appropriate for the researcher to use?

8. A researcher is investigating the effect of different temperatures on the rate of a chemical reaction. They set up four experiments, each with the same starting materials and reaction conditions, but with different temperatures. After a fixed time, they measure the amount of product formed in each experiment. Which of the following is the best way to analyze the data and determine the effect of temperature on the reaction rate?

9. A biologist is studying the effect of different nutrient concentrations on the growth of a plant species. They plant the same number of seedlings in four different nutrient solutions and measure the height of the plants after a fixed time. Which of the following is the best way to analyze the data and determine the effect of nutrient concentration on plant growth?

10. A researcher is studying the effects of a new fertilizer on the growth of tomato plants. They plant 30 tomato seedlings and divide them into three groups of 10. One group receives the new fertilizer, one group receives a different fertilizer, and the control group receives no fertilizer. After 4 weeks, the researcher measures the height of each plant. Which statistical test would be most appropriate for the researcher to use to analyze the data?