1. A car travels 240 miles on 12 gallons of gas. At this rate, how many gallons are needed for a 400-mile trip?

2. A train travels 60 miles in 1 hour. Assuming it maintains the same speed, how far will it travel in 4 hours and 30 minutes?

3. Smoking has been shown to cause lung cancer in many studies. Therefore, if you smoke, you will definitely get lung cancer. What is the flaw in this argument?

4. BATTERY : FLASHLIGHT :: GASOLINE : ?

5. What is the area of a triangle with sides of length 3, 4, and 5 units?

6. The theory of plate tectonics states that the Earth's outer shell is divided into several plates that glide over the mantle, the rocky inner layer above the core. This theory explains many geological phenomena, including the formation of mountains, the occurrence of earthquakes, and the distribution of fossils across continents that are now widely separated. The movement of these plates is driven by convection currents in the mantle and can cause plates to collide, pull apart, or slide past each other. According to the passage, what is the primary driver of plate movement?

7. Five cities - Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Denver, and El Paso - are ranked by their elevation above sea level. If Chicago has a lower elevation than Denver but higher than Boston, and Atlanta has the lowest elevation, what is the correct ranking from highest to lowest?

8. Column A: The number of ways to select 3 items from 10 distinct items | Column B: The number of ways to arrange 5 distinct items | Which column is greater?

9. If log₃(x) = 4, what is the value of x?

10. A researcher is investigating the effect of different light wavelengths on the photosynthetic rate of a plant species. They set up four growth chambers, each with the same light intensity but different dominant wavelengths of light. After a fixed time, they measure the rate of oxygen production (a proxy for photosynthesis rate) in each chamber. Which of the following is the best way to analyze the data and determine the effect of light wavelength on the rate of photosynthesis?