1.
Every time it rains, the sidewalk gets wet. The sidewalk is wet. What can we infer?
It definitely rained
It might have rained
It didn't rain
Rain is the only thing that can make the sidewalk wet
2.
In a study, countries with higher literacy rates tended to have stronger economies. What can be inferred from this information?
High literacy rates guarantee a strong economy
Countries with low literacy rates always have weak economies
There may be a connection between literacy rates and economic strength
Economic strength is solely determined by literacy rates
3.
In a city, neighborhoods with more green spaces tend to have lower crime rates. What can be inferred from this observation?
Green spaces are the only factor affecting crime rates
Neighborhoods without green spaces always have high crime rates
There may be a relationship between the presence of green spaces and lower crime rates
Adding green spaces will eliminate all crime in a neighborhood
4.
A study found that students who study in groups perform better on exams than those who study alone. Which of the following can be reasonably inferred?
Studying in groups directly causes better exam performance
Students who perform better on exams prefer to study in groups
There is a positive correlation between group study and exam performance
All students should be required to study in groups
5.
In a class of 30 students, every student who plays a musical instrument also speaks a foreign language. What can be inferred about the students who don't speak a foreign language?
They don't play any musical instruments
They are not good at learning languages
They prefer sports over music
They are the majority in the class
6.
A recent study shows that students who get at least 8 hours of sleep perform better on tests. Which conclusion can be drawn from this information?
All students who get 8 hours of sleep will ace their tests
Students who perform poorly on tests definitely sleep less than 8 hours
There may be a positive relationship between adequate sleep and test performance
Sleep is the only factor that affects test performance
7.
All members of the debate club are on the honor roll. Tom is on the honor roll. Which of the following can be logically inferred?
Tom is definitely a member of the debate club
Tom might be a member of the debate club
Tom is not a member of the debate club
Tom is the president of the debate club
8.
In a class of 30 students, every student plays at least one sport. 20 students play basketball, and 15 play soccer. Which of the following must be true?
5 students play both basketball and soccer
No students play a sport other than basketball or soccer
At least 5 students play both basketball and soccer
Exactly 5 students play neither basketball nor soccer
9.
A study shows that students who learn a second language perform better in other academic subjects. Which conclusion can be drawn from this information?
Learning a second language guarantees success in all academic subjects
Students who don't learn a second language always perform poorly in other subjects
There may be a positive relationship between learning a second language and overall academic performance
All high-performing students must be bilingual
10.
All students who score above 90% on the final exam are exempt from the next semester's coursework. Lisa is exempt from next semester's coursework. What can we conclude?
Lisa definitely scored above 90% on the final exam
Lisa might have scored above 90% on the final exam
Lisa did not score above 90% on the final exam
Scoring above 90% on the final exam is the only way to be exempt from next semester's coursework
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