Critical Reasoning Test

Ace Logical Reasoning: Test-Prep Practice Questions

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Logical Reasoning Practice Questions

Welcome to our comprehensive collection of stimulus-style practice questions! These questions are designed to sharpen your critical thinking, logical reasoning, and analytical skills. These abilities are crucial for success in many standardized tests. Our carefully crafted questions mirror the format found in prestigious exams like the LSAT, GMAT, and GRE, as well as in many other exams.

Each question presents a brief “stimulus” – a short paragraph containing an argument, scenario, or set of facts – followed by a question and multiple-choice answers. These exercises will challenge you to analyze complex information, identify logical flaws, draw valid conclusions, and evaluate arguments.

 

1. All dolphins are mammals. All mammals breathe air. Therefore, all creatures that breathe air are dolphins. Which of the following best describes the logical flaw in this argument?
False dichotomy
Circular reasoning
Hasty generalization
Fallacy of the converse
2. A study found that people who drink coffee live longer on average than those who don't. Therefore, drinking coffee extends life expectancy. Which of the following best describes the flaw in this reasoning?
Confusing correlation with causation
Hasty generalization
Appeal to authority
False analogy
3. In a certain species of fish, 10% are born with a rare genetic mutation. Of those with the mutation, 80% survive to adulthood. Of those without the mutation, 60% survive to adulthood. What percentage of adult fish of this species have the mutation?
8%
10%
13%
15%
4. A company claims that its new app can help users learn a language twice as fast as traditional methods. Which of the following, if true, would most weaken this claim?
The app has received positive reviews from users
The app uses artificial intelligence to personalize lessons
A study shows that app users and traditional learners achieve the same level of proficiency after six months
The app is more expensive than most language learning books
5. A health official argues that implementing a sugar tax will reduce obesity rates. Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the argument for this proposal?
Countries with sugar taxes have seen a decrease in the consumption of sugary drinks
Obesity rates have been steadily increasing over the past decade
The proposed tax would generate significant revenue for health programs
Some food manufacturers oppose the tax, claiming it will hurt their businesses
6. A politician argues: "My opponent's tax plan will hurt the middle class. Anyone who supports this plan clearly doesn't care about hardworking Americans." This argument commits which of the following fallacies?
Ad hominem
Straw man
False dichotomy
Appeal to emotion
7. A city government plans to reduce traffic congestion by implementing a congestion charge for vehicles entering the city center during peak hours. Which of the following, if true, would most strongly support the effectiveness of this plan?
Public transportation in the city is reliable and extensive
Many businesses in the city center offer flexible working hours
Similar charges in other cities have reduced traffic by 30% on average
The city has limited parking spaces in the center
8. A city plans to reduce water consumption by increasing water rates. Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the effectiveness of this plan?
Similar rate increases in other cities have led to reduced water consumption
The city's water infrastructure is in need of significant repairs
Most of the city's water consumption is by industrial users who are less sensitive to price changes
Residents have expressed concern about rising utility costs
9. A company claims that its new energy-efficient light bulbs last 50% longer than standard bulbs. Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen this claim?
The energy-efficient bulbs use 75% less electricity than standard bulbs
A long-term study shows that the average lifespan of the new bulbs is 48% longer than standard bulbs
The new bulbs are more expensive than standard bulbs
Customers report high satisfaction with the brightness of the new bulbs
10. A city government plans to reduce traffic congestion by widening major roads. Which of the following, if true, casts the most doubt on the effectiveness of this plan?
The cost of widening roads is significantly higher than initially estimated
Previous road-widening projects in other cities have led to increased traffic due to induced demand
Some residents oppose the plan due to potential noise pollution
The city's population is expected to grow by 10% over the next five years
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These questions assess critical thinking, logical reasoning, and analytical skills. Here’s a list of some exams that typically include such questions:

LSAT (Law School Admission Test)
GMAT (Graduate Management Admission Test)
GRE (Graduate Record Examinations)
MCAT (Medical College Admission Test)
SAT (Scholastic Assessment Test)
ACT (American College Testing)
Critical Thinking Assessment Test (CAT)
Watson-Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal
California Critical Thinking Skills Test (CCTST)
CLA+ (Collegiate Learning Assessment)
California Bar Exam’s performance test section
Certain civil service exams
Some corporate hiring assessments

These exams use stimulus-based questions to evaluate a candidate’s ability to analyze information, identify logical flaws, draw valid conclusions, and evaluate arguments. The questions present a short paragraph or scenario followed by a question and multiple-choice answers.