1.
All fish live in water. Whales live in water. Therefore, whales are fish. This argument is:
Valid and sound
Valid but not necessarily sound
Invalid but possibly true
Invalid and false
2.
If you study hard, you will pass the exam. You passed the exam. Therefore, you must have studied hard. This argument commits which logical fallacy?
Affirming the consequent
Denying the antecedent
Post hoc ergo propter hoc
False dilemma
3.
All mammals are warm-blooded. Whales are mammals. Therefore, whales are warm-blooded. This argument is an example of:
Inductive reasoning
Deductive reasoning
Circular reasoning
Fallacious reasoning
4.
All dogs have four legs. My pet has four legs. Therefore, my pet is a dog. This argument is:
Valid and sound
Valid but not sound
Sound but not valid
Neither valid nor sound
5.
The senator opposes the new environmental regulations. He must not care about the planet. This argument is an example of:
False dilemma
Ad hominem
Hasty generalization
Straw man
6.
Scientists haven't been able to prove that ghosts don't exist. Therefore, ghosts must exist. This argument is flawed because:
It shifts the burden of proof
It uses circular reasoning
It commits an ad hominem fallacy
It relies on an appeal to authority
7.
All squares are rectangles. All rectangles have four sides. Therefore, all squares have four sides. This argument is an example of:
Inductive reasoning
Abductive reasoning
Deductive reasoning
Fallacious reasoning
8.
All philosophers are thinkers. Socrates is a philosopher. Therefore, Socrates is a thinker. This argument is:
Valid and sound
Valid but not necessarily sound
Invalid but possibly true
Invalid and false
9.
If we allow same-sex couples to adopt children, those children will grow up confused about gender roles. This argument assumes that:
Same-sex couples can't provide proper parenting
Gender roles are innate and not learned
All children of heterosexual parents have clear gender roles
Confusion about gender roles is harmful
10.
If you want to lose weight, you should eat less and exercise more. John wants to lose weight. Therefore, John should eat less and exercise more. This argument is:
Invalid
Valid but unsound
Valid and sound
Inductive
Questions Answered: 0/10